Today, scientists use a process called microarray to find differences in gene expressions, since it allows scientists to see a specific gene in a cell. Which makes it alot easier to find these differences because you don't have to look at the entire genome to find what your looking for. Definition: DNA microarray is thousands of microscopic spots of DNA oligonucleotides, which have specific probes on them. Scientists today, use these microarrays to find specific gene sequences that cause human health problems such as skin cancer, breat cancer and etc.
Steps for the Microarray:
1. Isolate DNA.
2. Pelimanary chains reactions make more genes.
3. Then a robot spots individual gene sequences into specific addresses onto a DNA chip
4. Then the mRNA from the tissue of interest is dyed red and also the mRNA from a second tissue of interest is dyed green.
5. Finally these mRNAs are put on the chip and analyzed.
For our Microarray lab we followed these same procedures to determine which six genes we had ( ODC1, C4BPA,FGG,HBG1,CYP24 and SIAT9), caused lung cancer, from the two samples we have from a cancerous cell and a healthy cell.
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